A spatial reference in ArcGIS is a series of parameters that define the coordinate system and other spatial properties for each dataset in the geodatabase. It is typical that all datasets for the same area (and in the same geodatabase) use a common spatial reference definition.
An ArcGIS spatial reference includes settings for:
- The coordinate system
- The coordinate precision with which coordinates are stored (often referred to as the coordinate resolution)
- Processing tolerances (such as the cluster tolerance)
- The spatial or map extent covered by the dataset (often referred to as the spatial domain)
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